Vol 95, No 5 (2018)

ORIGINAL RESEARCHES

IMMUNOPHENOTYPING OF BLOOD CELLS OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS IMMUNIZED WITH CELLULAR WALLS OF FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS DIFFERENT SUBSPECIES

Balakhonov S.V., Voitkova V.V., Dubrovina V.I., Korytov K.M., Korneva A.V., Shkaruba T.T.

Abstract

Aim. To study the subpopulational structure of blood cells of the experimental animals immunized with cellular walls (CW) of Francisella tularensis different subspecies. Materials and methods. Total 210 certified («Vector», Novosibirsk) outbred mice were immunized with CW preparations of F. tularensis different subspecies in 95 pg protein dose. After 3, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days of observation the phenotypes (CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD69) of blood cells were detected. Results. Dynamics of leukocyte balance in experimental animals depended on F. tularensis subspecies. All studied preparations promoted development of cellular and humoral immunity that confirmed by the increase of monocytes and B-lymphocyte, and also by the expression of CD69 activation marker. CW of F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica А-61 promoted higher activation of cellular immunity in experimental animals in comparison with other preparations. Probably, exactly this factor causes its high immunogenic activity (83 % survival rate). Conclusion. On the basis of the results there is a necessity to further detailed research of CW immunogenic properties of F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica А-61 as a perspective component in design of a tularemia vaccine.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):3-9
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CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTEROVIRUS NONPOLIOMIELITIS INFECTIONS IN THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY

Zhukova L.I., Rafeenko G.K., Gorodin V.N., Vanyukov A.A.

Abstract

Aim. To characterize the epidemic situation and the clinical course of enterovirus (neolio) infections in the Krasnodar Territory. Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of manifestations of the epidemic process and clinical characteristics of non-poliomyelitis enterovirus infections from 2002 to 2017 in the territory of the Krasnodar Territory. Results. The incidence of enterovirus infections, the structure of clinical forms, the landscape of enteroviruses isolated from the environment and the biological material of patients was demonstrated. The clinical course of enterovirus infection in 170 hospitalized patients was characterized. Conclusion. Enterovirus (nepolio) infection in the Krasnodar Territory in many years of dynamics demonstrates growing relevance. A variety of enterovirus serotypes circulating in the environment and in the human population are preserved, the spectrum of which varies. In the structure of clinical forms of enterovirus infections, the number of diseases without affecting the central nervous system increases, which indicates an improvement in the quality of diagnosis and an increase in the diagnostic motivation of doctors. Further measures for epidemiological surveillance, as well as training of physicians of various specialties, are expedient, which will help to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment of enterovirus (nepolio) infection.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):9-15
pages 9-15 views

FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CLUSTER HFRS MORBIDITY DURING WINTER SEASON IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

Mochalkin P.A., Mochalkin A.P., Stepanov E.G., Farvazova L.A., Popov N.V.

Abstract

Aim. Of the study was to specify the factors responsible for outbreaks of domestic cluster HFRS morbidity during winter period in the Republic of Bashkortostan as the basis for preventive measures substantiation. Materials and methods. Analyzed have been the data from the Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) on the HFRS incidence in 54 administrative districts of RB during winter season 2016-2017. Summarized have been the results of epidemic foci eradication with domestic HFRS morbidity during winter months of 2010-2017 in the territory of RB. Results. Winter sporadic HFRS incidence is registered annually among the rural and urban population residing in steppe, forest-steppe and forest zones of RB. It is outlined that epidemic foci with domestic cluster HFRS morbidity emerge more frequently in the territory of forest-steppe zone. It is established that HFRS infections of domestic type take place in residential areas adjacent to some forestry to one extent or another, as well as on visiting country, out-of-town objects situated in the territory of active natural HFRS foci. Thereat, the risks of domestic HFRS infection are entirely defined by the sanitary-hygienic state of accommodation and manufacturing facilities. Conclusion. The main tactical option for the prevention of epidemic foci emergence with domestic cluster HFRS morbidity among rural and urban population of RB is simultaneous barrier and semi-rural deratization and disinfection in areas of high risk of infection.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):15-20
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EPIDEMIC AND EPIZOOTIC SITUATION OF NATURAL-FOCAL ZOONOTIC INFECTIONS IN VLADIMIR REGION

Martsev A.A., Rudakova V.M., Ilina A.V.

Abstract

Aim. Assessment of the epidemiological and epizootic situation and the degree of danger of the territory of Vladimir region in terms of a complex of natural focal zoonotic infections. Materials and methods. In the work, a retrospective analysis of statistical data on the incidence of zooanthroponosis in the population, obtained from Reporting Form No. 2 «Information on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases» of Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Vladimir Region for the period 1958 - 2016 was conducted. Studies of biological material for the presence of pathogens of natural focal infections were conducted in the laboratory of natural focal and especially dangerous infections of Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Vladimir Region. Results. It is established that the following natural focal diseases are registered in the territory of the Vladimir region: rabies, heemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), tick-borne borreliosis (ТВВ), leptospirosis, pseudotuberculosis and tularemia. The largest share in the structure of morbidity falls on HFRS and ТВВ. Annual laboratory studies of biological material for the presence of pathogens of natural focal infections indicate the presence of epizootics among rodent mice, the dominant species among which is the red vole. The ratio of men to women with HFRS is about 3 to 1, the main risk factors for transmission are harvesting in summer cottages and visiting forest areas. As for the ТВВ, in the region there are persistent natural foci of this infection. It was established that there is no territorial dependence between the incidence and «riches» of the territory, and the main epidemiological significance is the iksodid mites I.ricinus and I.persulcatus. Conclusion. The cartographic mapping of the registered incidence allowed to show the territories with different degree of epidemic manifestation for individual natural-focal diseases and for a complex of morbidity in general. Positive laboratory results indicate epizootic activity and a constant risk of exacerbation of the epidemic situation of zooanthroponous infections, and the absence of human morbidity over a number of years is not evidence of the attenuation of the natural focus of infection and the basis for the curtailment of preventive measures.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):20-26
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THE PRODUCTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO TETRASACCHARIDE - SYNTHETIC ANALOGUE OF THE CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE OF SEROTYPE 14 AND THEIR IMMUNOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION

Yakovleva I.V., Kurbatova E.A., Akhmatova E.A., Sukhova E.V., Yashunsky D.V., Tsvetkov Y.E., Nifantiev N.E., Sviridov V.V.

Abstract

Aim. Production of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to synthetic tetrasaccharide - repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide (CP) of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14 and their immunochemical characterization. Materials and methods. In order to generate the hybridoma producing mAb, mice were immunized with synthetic tetrasaccharide conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) with following hybridization of B lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cells. Antibodies were obtained in vitro andin vivo. Immunochemical characterization of mAb to tetrasaccharide was carried out using a variety of ELISA options. Results. For the first time obtained mouse hybridoma, producing IgM to tetrasacchride. The IgM titer of anti-tetrasacharide antibodies in supernatants of clones and in the ascitic fluid of mice in ELISA detected by biotinylated tetrasaccharide and synthetic CP adsorbed on the solid phase was higher compared to the use of bacterial CP as well cover antigen. In the reaction of inhibition of the ELISA, the mAb recognized the corresponding carbohydrate epitopes of the bacterial CP of S. pneumoniae serotype 14 dissolved in the liquid phase better than tetrasaccharide ligand and synthetic CP. Conclusion. To detect mAb to tetrasaccharide in ELISA preferably to use synthetic analogues of the CP as solid phase antigens. The obtained mAb to tetrasaccharide can be used to determine the representation of the protective tetrasaccharide epitope of CP in the development of pneumococcal vaccines.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):26-31
pages 26-31 views

REACTOGENICITY, SAFETY AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF DOMESTIC FLU-M INACTIVATED SPLIT INFLUENZA VACCINE FOR THE IMMUNIZATION OF ADULTS AGED BETWEEN 18 AND 60

Feldblyum I.V., Subbotina K.A., Novgorodova S.D., Ignatev G.M., Alyeva M.K., Erofeeva M.K., Orlovsky V.G., Leneva I.A., Melnikov S.Y., Kazakova E.V., Nacharova E.P., Trukhin V.P.

Abstract

Aim. The research was aimed at evaluating the reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity of Flu-M inactivated split influenza vaccine. Materials and methods. The reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity of the drug were studied in the course of a multicenter, double blind, comparative, randomized clinical trial of immunized volunteers aged between 18 and 60 (comparator - Vaxigrip inactivated split vaccine for influenza prevention). Results. Domestic Flu-M inactivated split influenza vaccine manufactured by St. Petersburg Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera features favorable tolerability, high safety profile and adequate immunogenicity which is consistent with that of Vaxigrip influenza vaccine. Conclusion. Flu-M inactivated split influenza vaccine manufactured by St. Petersburg Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera can be recommended for authorization in the Russian Federation for the purpose of specific prophylaxis of influenza for adults aged between 18 and 60.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):31-37
pages 31-37 views

OPTIMIZATION OF A METHOD OF ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION (LAMP) FOR DIAGNOSIS OF WHOOPING COUGH

Pimenova A.S., Borisova O.Y., Petrova M.S., Vlasov E.V., Voronina I.S., Borisova A.B., Afanasiev S.S., Donskich E.E., Kafarskaya L.I., Aleshkin V.A., Aleshkin A.V., Afanasiev M.S., Karaulov A.V.

Abstract

Aim. Optimization of the accelerated whooping cough method of isothermal amplification for DNA Bordetela pertussis. Materials and methods. The research was conducted on 35 standard collection strains and 169 strains of Bordetella allocated in bacteriological laboratories of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation. The research included 329 clinical samples received from patients with whooping cough and the persons, contact with them, hospitalized in IDCH No. 1 DZM. Chromosomal DNA was extracted with a standard method of boiling from strains, from clinical samples by means of commercial sets. Identification of causative agents of whooping cough were performed with use of the АмплиСенс® Bordetella multi-FL. Results. We performed optimization method of a diagnostics of whooping cough by LAMP with detection by means of an electrophoresis and with naked-eye inspection under normal light is developed. The developed method allows to detect a DNA of B.pertussis within 4 - 5 hours in clinical material. The analytical sensitivity was 102 GE/ml. Assessment of validity showed that the developed method possesses 99,6% sensitivity and 98,7% specificity; predictive value positiveness and negative result was 99,6% and 98,7%, respectively; the index of accuracy (diagnostic efficiency) - 99,4%; the likelihood ratio of positive and negative result - 76,6 and 0,004, respectively. Assessment of analytical reliability in 100% of cases showed convergence and reproducibility of a technique. Conclusion. Diagnostic test on DNA of B.pertussis identification by LAMP method will allow to increase efficiency of laboratory diagnosis of whooping cough.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):37-46
pages 37-46 views

OBTAINING THE RECOMBINANT ORF3 PROTEIN OF HEPATITIS E GENOTYPE 3 AND EVALUATION OF ITS ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES

Alatortseva G.I., Sidorov A.V., Nesterenko L.N., Luhverchik L.N., Milovanova A.V., Ammur Y.I., Mikhailov M.I., Kyuregyan K.K., Zhavoronok S.V., Zverev V.V.

Abstract

Aim. Design аис1 construction of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 full-size ORF3 recombimnt polypeptide. Materials and methods. Escherichia coli strains, ptasmid vectors, serologiral and biological amples, molecular biological, bioinformatic, biotechnological, biochemical and serological methods.Results. RNA was isolated from pig fecal extracts collected on Belgorod farms and was used in RT-PCR to obtain the fragment of the orf3 gene of the hepatitis E virus genotype 3. Using A/T-cloning a recombinant plasmid was obtained with insertion of a DNA fragment (230 bp) encoding the N-terminal region of the ORF3 protein. The primary structure of the missing C-terminal region of the ORF3 VGE of the genotype 3 was calculated by bioinformatics methods. Codon optimization of the sequence for biosynthesis in E.coli cells was performed. For constructing the recombinant plasmid a chemically synthesized DNA fragment encoding the fulllength ORF3 protein had been used. E.coli strain producing full-size recombinant protein ORF3 fused to E.coli beta-galactosidase was developed. Recombinant protein ORF3 had been isolated from the inclusion bodies of the E.coli biomass and purified by size exclusion chromatography. Antigenic specificity of recombinant polypeptide had been confirmed in immunochemical reactions (ELISA, Western blot) with sera from patients with hepatitis E and control groups of patients. Conclusion. HEV genotype 3 ORF3 recombinant antigen had been designed, and itfs applicability in diagnostic tests had been experimentally confirmed.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):46-53
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THE MICROBIOTA OF LOWER AIRWAYS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASES

Mazurina S.A., Danilina G.A., Smirnova M.Y., Osipova G.L., Gervazieva V.B., Konischeva A.Y., Ospelnikova T.P.

Abstract

Aim. We aimed to estimate the composition and the detection frequency of bacterial species in induced sputum samples from patients with bronchial asthma (BA), chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and its combined phenotype (ACOS). Materials and methods. Bacteriological examination of samples of induced sputum in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (BA, COPD) was carried out. Results. Patients with asthma-COPD overlap syndrome exhibit more diverse bacterial species composition as represented both by gram-positive Streptococcus sрp., Staphylococcus spр., gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniaе, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Burkholderia cepacia and rodlike bacterium Corynebacterium spр., Actinomyces spр. и Tsukamurella рaurometabola as compared to patients with only one diagnosis of COPD or asthma. In addition, we revealed the differences between microbiological diversity and predominance of Streptococcus spр, Neisseria subflava with decrease of Enterococcus sрр. in samples from patients with complicated forms of obstructive lung diseases as COPD and ACOS, with pulmonary emphysema and/or pneumosclerosis. Conclusion. The biodiversity of lung microbiome could be one of the pathology risk factors in patients with chronic lung diseases, on the other hand reflecting the structural morphological changes in the lung tissue as a result of sustainable inflammation.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):53-60
pages 53-60 views

LARGE BOWEL MICROBIOCENTOSIS IN IMMATURE INFANTS WITH VERY LOW AND EXTREMELY LOW BODY WEIGHT IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

Malygina O.G., Bazhukova T.A.

Abstract

Aim. To assess qualitative and quantitative composition of culture large bowel bugs in immature infants with birth weight 1500 g and less during the first year of life. Materials and methods. Fecal matter culturing has been done in 58 immature infants with body weight 1500 g and less, who were under supervision during the year. Results. A significant deficit of large bowel micro-biocentosis in immature infants has been registered in the neonatal period. Up to 2 months of life a slow formation of bowel's microflora is observed mainly due to bifidus bacteria. Up to 1 year of life a formed colonic microbiota in immature infants was not observed firstly due to lactobacilli deficit and late formation of typical Escherichia. Conclusion. The process of large bowel microbiocentosis in immature infants with very low and extremely low birth weight is slowed down due to extended admission in the intensive care unit, absence of breast feeding and antybiotherapy.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):60-66
pages 60-66 views

FUNCTIONAL EFFECTS OF θ-DEFENSINS FROM BLOOD LEUKOCYTES OF BABOON PAPIO HAMADRYAS

Tsvetkova E.V., Aleshina G.M., Leonovа L.E., Shamova O.V., Romanovskaya E.V., Kokryakov V.N.

Abstract

Aim. Study the functional properties of cationic antimicrobial peptides 0-defensins isolated from baboon Papio hamadryas blood leukocytes. Materials and methods. Baboon 0-defensins were extracted from leukocyte mass using ultrafiltration, preparative electrophoresis and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. The test microorganisms used were Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Gram-positive bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and fungi Candida albicans. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by testing serial dilutions of the test peptides by radial diffusion in agarose gel. Microbicidal action was evaluated by counting surviving colony forming units after incubation microorganisms with the peptides. The 0-defensins influence on E.coli membrane permeability was assessed using chromogenic markers o-nirofenil- β-D-galactopyranoside and nitrocefin. Results. The analysis of the 0-defensins antimicrobial properties showed that they produce antimicrobial activity against test microorganisms, exhibiting bactericidal and fungicidal effects at micromolar concentrations. We studied the influence of different environmental conditions (low and high ionic strength, blood serum in medium) for antimicrobial activity. It is shown that 0-defensins have the ability to increase the outer membran of E.coli permeability, however, in contrast to 0-defensins have no noticeable influence on the inner membrane permeability. Conclusion. Baboon 0-defensins isolated from blood leukocytes are effective antimicrobial agents with a broad spectrum of microbicidal action. 0-Defensins baboon unlike 0-defensins exhibit antimicrobial activity in environments with high ionic strength. 0-Defensins increase the outer membran of E.coli permeability but not the cytoplasmic membrane, suggesting that the mechanism of antimicrobial effect of these peptides other than 0-defensins.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):66-73
pages 66-73 views

AVIDITY OF IGG TO RICKETTSIA PROWAZEKII AS AN ADDITIONAL CRITERION FOR THE SEROLOGICAL DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE EPIDEMIC TYPH AND ITS RECRUDESCENT FORM - BRILL-ZINSSER DISEASE

Chekanova T.A., Shpynov S.N., Tarasevich I.V.

Abstract

Aim: to investigate the diagnostic significance of avidity index (AI) for IgG toR. prowazekii with the determination of specific G and M class antibodies. Materials and methods. IgG/IgM to R. prowazekii, their titers and AI of IgG were measured in ELISA in 112 serum samples (47 sera from typhus-vaccinated individuals and 65 samples from patients and/or convalescents of epidemic typhus and/or Brill-Zinsser disease, including 18 sera collected during Lipetsk epidemic typhus outbreak in 1998).Results. Methodological approaches for estimation of AI for IgG toR. prowazekii have been determined. The initial period (or acute) of epidemic typhus we serologically detected in 8 cases by identifying of IgM toR. prowazekii only in two sera and IgM as well as IgG toR. prowazekii with low or medium values of AI in 6 samples. In 19 samples from patients we indicated Brill-Zinsser disease due to the presence in them specific IgM and IgG to R. prowazekii with high values AI. In 2 sera from vaccinated persons was established a low AI of IgG at significant diagnostic titers. Conclusion. AI of IgG to R. prowazekii has high prognostic information for differential diagnosis of epidemic typhus and Brill-Zinsser disease.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):73-80
pages 73-80 views

MECHANISM OF ANTIVIRAL ACTION AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF THE NEW PREPARATION FORTEPREN® IN THE COMPLEX THERAPY OF CHRONIC RECURRENT HERPESVIRUS INFECTION OF GENITAL LOCALIZATION

Sedov A.M., Narovlyansky A.N., Pronin A.V., Sanin A.V., Zubashev I.K., Izmestieva A.V., Ivanova A.M., Parfenova T.M., Shulzhenko A.E., Zuikova I.N., Shubelko R.V., Khaldin A.A., Isaeva D.R., Selkova E.P., Grigorieva E.A.

Abstract

Aim. The study of the mechanism of antiviral action and evaluation of the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of therapy with Fortepren® in patients with chronic recurrent herpesvirus infection of genital localization (CRHVI). Materials and methods. Clinical studies were carried out of a drug Fortepren® (0.4% sodium polyprenyl phosphate solution), which was administered to patients who underwent a basic therapeutic course of the drug Acyclovir-Acry® to relieve the acute phase of the disease. The study was performed on 80 male and female patients selected during the screening with a confirmed diagnosis of CRHVI. Two groups were formed. Patients of group 1 (experimental) were intramuscularly injected with Fortepren® at a dose of 2 ml (8 mg) three times at intervals of 21 days by 3 ± 2, 24 ± 2 and 45 ± 2 days following the 10-day basic course of treatment of the acute phase of diseases with the use of the acyclovir tablets of 400 mg - 13 ± 2, 34 ± 2 and 55 ± 2 days from the beginning of the study. Patients of the 2nd group (control) were intramuscularly injected with placebo solution at a volume of 2 ml instead of Fortepren®. To evaluate Fortepren® efficacy, the following criteria were used: increase in the duration of the inter-recessive period, a decrease in the frequency of relapses over the entire observation period; decrease in the severity of relapses, estimated in points, changes in immunological parameters according to the dynamics of changes in the production of the main cytokines. Results. In patients treated with Fortepren®, the inter-recurrence period for the entire study period increased statistically from 29.36 ± 2.16 to 42.98 ± 3.29 days, while in the control group this indicator have not changed. Accordingly, in patients treated with Fortepren®, a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of recurrence of CRHVI from 3.03 ± 0.02 before treatment to 1.94 ± 0.19 was observed during treatment in the absence of a decrease in the frequency of relapses in the control. Evaluation of the severity of CRHVI relapses in patients treated with Fortepren® indicates the efficacy of this protocol. The sum of the scores of the mean values of CRHVI symptoms signs was statistically significantly decreased in the group 1 from 7.36 ± 0.35 points at the 1 st visit before the start of treatment to 4.75 ± 0.35 points during the treatment. No changes were seen in the control group. The level of leukocyte virus-induced interferon (LVI-IFN) in the patients of the group 1 increased from 36% to 64% in the end of the clinical trial compared to the control group, in which the increase in LVI-IFN titers was not observed. To further justify the possibility of increasing the immune response of cells, establishing possible mechanisms that determine the efficacy of treatment for CRHVI with Fortepren®, evaluation of the production of IFNz, IFNy, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-15, IL-2, IL-4, MIF-Fz, TNFа was made. In the of the study levels of all these cytokines was increased in patients treated with Fortepren® compared with the control group. Conclusion. The efficacy of using Fortepren® in a dose of 2 ml (8 mg) with intramuscular administration to patients with chronic recurrent herpesviral infection of genital localization at the stage of remission three times with an interval of 21 days by 3 ± 2, 24 ± 2 and 45 ± 2 days after the end of 10 day basic course of treatment of the acute phase of the disease with the use of the drug acyclovir.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):81-87
pages 81-87 views

DETECTION OF HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN OF THE FIRST SIX MONTHS OF LIFE

Burmistrov E.M., Rybalkina T.N., Karazhas N.V., Boshyan R.E., Veselovsky P.A., Lysenkova M.Y., Meskina E.R., Stashko T.V.

Abstract

Aim. To evaluate a possible role of herpes viruses in the pathogenesis of various infectious diseases of children in the first six months of life, including acute gastroenteritis and identify the markers of herpesvirus infections which occur most frequently. Materials and methods. Samples of biological materials (blood serum and blood cells, breast milk, urine, feces) were studied in 35 children aged 14 days to 5 months who are being treated in MRRCI Vladimirsky with diagnoses of «acute infectious gastroenteritis of unspecified etiology» (n=24), «urinary tract infection» (n=6), «intrauterine infection» (n=5) and of their mothers. To determine the antibodies of IgM, IgG in serum, an enzyme immunoassay was used, to detect common antigens of viruses in blood cells, urine, breast milk - an indirect reaction of immunofluorescence, to detect early antigens of viruses and their reproduction - a rapid cultural method. Results. Infection with herpesviruses was found in 85% of children and 91% of mothers, with the most often identified markers of active forms of infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. In children with a diagnosis of acute infectious gastroenteritis of unspecified etiology, no pathogens of viral and bacterial intestinal infections were detected in a large number of active forms of herpesviral infections in both children and their mothers (33% and 91%, respectively). As well as mothers and their children, there have been cases of mixed infections caused by associations of herpesviruses, most often with HSV. Conclusion. Detection of active forms of herpesviral infections in the absence of positive results in studies on viral and bacterial intestinal infections make it possible to assume that herpesviruses can participate in the etiology of these diseases and cause infectious complications in this pathology, as well as often act as a co-infection. An important epidemiological importance has a large number of identified latent forms of herpesvirus infections, because when exposed to adverse factors they can go into active forms.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):87-92
pages 87-92 views

MICROFLORA OF THE ORAL CAVITY AND CONDITION OF ANTI-INFECTION PROTECTION FACTORS IN PERSONS USING DENTAL ORTHOPEDIC CONSTRUCTIONS (DOC)

Shishkova Y.S., Babikova M.S., Emelina A.S., Filimonova O.I., Tezikov D.A., Dolgushin I.I.

Abstract

Aim. To study the qualitative composition, the quantitative content of microorganisms, to assess the viability and functional status of neutrophils in the oral fluid of patients using removable and non-removable DOC. Materials and methods. The present study used a free oral fluid of 100 patients aged 21 to 79 years. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora was determined using the PCR method by means of the Femoflor-16 system (NPO DNA-technology, Russia). Determination of the total number of leukocytes was carried out in Goryaev's chamber, analysis of their viability was carried out with Trypan blue staining. Acridine orange was used to study the indices of lysosomal activity of neutrophils. Oxygendependent metabolism was studied using the Nitro Blue-Tetrazolium (NBT) test, and the phagocytic function was determined by the absorption of latex particles. Results. In persons using dentures, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora of the oral cavity changes. The method of hygienic care of the DOC significantly does not affect the composition of the microflora of the oral fluid of patients. In persons using DOC, a decrease in the total number of leukocytes and their viable forms in the free oral fluid was established. However we registered the stability of functioning of viable neutrophils in patients with removable DOC and a significant decrease in the phagocytic ability and microbicidal oxygen-dependent potential of neutrophils when using non-removable DOC. Conclusion. Foreign body in the form of a removable or non-removable DOC changes the functioning of the factors of congenital anti-infective protection of the oral mucosa, which can lead to the development of infectious complications during dental prosthetics.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):92-98
pages 92-98 views

КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ

SEASONAL FEATURES OF THE MICROBIAL LANDSCAPE OF PALATINE TONSILS IN HEALTHY STUDENTS

Savlevich E.L., Ivanova M.A., Mokronosova M.A., Gorbunov S.A., Yakushenkova A.P.

Abstract

Aim.To find out microbial landscape characteristics of the palatine tonsils in healthy students, depending on the season. Materials and methods. It were examined 40 students without any oropharyngeal pathology aged 17-30 (23 ± 3.5). There were no signs of chronic tonsillitis at pha-ryngoscopy, no signs of acute respiratory infection; they did not take antibiotics for one last month prior to the study and had no tonsilitis for the last 5 years. Examination was made three times, once in a season: autumn from October 16 till November 2; winter from January 27 till March 6 ; spring from April 2 till April 19. Results. The normal microlandscape in healthy individuals aged 17-30 years permanently had Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans, Neisseria, Micrococcus, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Presence of S. pyogenes andP. aeruginosa in the structure of microlandscape of the palatine tonsils did not cause any clinical symptoms in their carriers. We also revealed a seasonal dynamics expressed by the frequency of the increase of conditionally pathogenic flora on palatine tonsils in spring and the decrease in all microorganisms growth in winter.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):98-103
pages 98-103 views

SCIENCE AND PRACTICE

THE PROBLEM OF CELL CULTURES CONTAMINATION WITH MAMMALIAN ORTHOREOVIRUSES

Faisuloev E.B., Korchevaya E.P., Markov D.V., Petrusha O.A., Zverev V.V.

Abstract

A mandatory requirement for cell cultures used in scientific researches and biomanufacturing is the absence of their contamination by viruses. We have described the case of adventitious isolation of mammalian orthoreovirus in the rhesus macaque embryo kidney cells MA-104. PCR analysis for the presence of reovirus RNA of all probable sources of reovirus (trypsin, fetal bovine serum, clinical samples, cell culture) revealed no viral RNA in any of the samples. An important condition for the activation of the reovirus reproduction in the MA-104 cells was the presence of trypsin in the culture medium. The obtained results underscore the urgency of control for the reovirus contamination of chemicals of animal origin and cell cultures. Since reoviruses are associated with human diseases, such control in pharmaceutical production is mandatory.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):104-107
pages 104-107 views

REVIEWS

DISBIOSIS CORRECTION - THE BASIS OF REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

Mikhailova N.A., Voevodin D.A., Poddubikov A.V.

Abstract

The effectiveness of regeneration is provided by normal over exchange and regulatory responses, so the regenerative therapy should be directed at identifying and addressing the causes of dismetabolk influences. Mikrobiocenosis is an integral part of holistic human organism takes part in realization of all metabolic reactions of the media. Correction of disbiosis helps restore regenerative processes, for the development of this direction is necessary to develop a new generation of probiotic preparations.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):107-113
pages 107-113 views

EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCES ON A CROP PLANT ROLE IN EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SAPRONOTIC (SOIL-BORNE) BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

Pushkareva V.I., Ermolaeva S.A.

Abstract

Specific epidemiology of sapronotic (soil-borne) bacteria is characterized from the ecological point of view. The characteristic feature of soil-borne pathogens is an ability to exist autonomously in the environment. This analytical review is focused on crops as alternative hosts for a number of soil-borne pathogenic bacteria (Yersinia, Salmonella, Listeria, Escherichia etc). Published experimental results evidence capabilities of human and animal pathogens to colonize plant tissues. Novel approaches are discussed to minimize risks of infection spreading with crops. These approaches include an analysis of wild plant natural resistance to pathogenic bacteria and a construction of transgenic plant crops expressing antimicrobial peptides. Multiple studies are cited that established wild plants used in traditional medicine as a source for obtaining molecules effective against resistant pathogens. The review includes recent author results on activity of wild plant extracts against Listeria and toxin-producing Escherichia.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):113-121
pages 113-121 views

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SEPSIS

Noskova O.A., Anganova E.V., Gvak G.V., Savilov E.D.

Abstract

Last decades a sepsis problem attracts the increased interest in the world community. In spite of definite achievements of modern fundamental and clinical medicine, sepsis as before is characterized by significant dissemination and high lethality. The problems of sepsis spread in various countries are discussed. It is shown that annually million cases of generalized purulent-septic infections are diagnosed. Steady sepsis increase is registered in industrially developed countries. Share of severe sepsis in pathology structure varies from 2 to 43% in different territories. Sepsis still remains among leading causes of human death being characterized by essential hospital lethality (from 30,6 to 80,4%). The patient categories belonging to high risk groups of sepsis development are shown. Special attention is directed to epidemiological manifestations of this pathological syndrome in pediatrics. Features of etiologic spectrum of the sepsis causative agents, increasing etiological importance of multi-resistant bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp., MRSA, VRE, etc.) are demonstrated. In consideration of clinical-epidemiological, social and economic significance of sepsis, studying of its epidemiological aspects is the major direction of activities for Public Health services.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):121-126
pages 121-126 views

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

CONTENTS

Article E.
Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2018;95(5):127-128
pages 127-128 views


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