SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE VACCINES FOR PROPHYLAXIS OF BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

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Abstract

For many decades, live vaccines remain the most effective means for prophylaxis of bacterial infections. Until recently, the main source of vaccine strains were empirically selected bacteria, virulence of which was attenuated due to natural mutations. Despite effectiveness of such vaccines against a number of infections, use of attenuated strains for many pathogens either does not induce sufficient protection, or is unsafe. Traditional technologies of vaccine creation frequently have low effectiveness with the lack of pronounced «protective» antigens in the pathogen. Methods of rational construction of live vaccines have received development in the recent years, based on methodology of synthetic biology. Contribution of synthetic biology into creation of vaccines is not limited to use of means of bioinformatics and construction of optimized DNA fragments, but also includes coordinated adjustments to various components of the bacterial genome, creation of vector strains, inclusion of altered immunogens and immune system activators into them, search and design of immunogens in silico and much more. Methodologies of synthetic biology allow to combine various engineering ideas and building blocks, obtained during creation and modification of various prophylaxis, therapeutic and bioengineering systems for production of microorganisms with qualitatively novel and programmable properties, and in perspective - rapidly create vaccines «on demand».

About the authors

A. V. Kolesnikov

State Scientific Centre of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology; Institute of Engineering Immunology

Author for correspondence.
Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

A. V. Kozyr

State Scientific Centre of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

L. G. Shemyakin

State Scientific Centre of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

LA. .. Lisitskaya

State Scientific Centre of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

M. A. Marin

State Scientific Centre of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

A. K. Ryabko

State Scientific Centre of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

LA. .. Dyatlov

State Scientific Centre of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2016 Kolesnikov A.V., Kozyr A.V., Shemyakin L.G., Lisitskaya L..., Marin M.A., Ryabko A.K., Dyatlov L...

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