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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">993</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0372-9311-11</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Allergy vaccines for specific immunotherapy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Аллергенсодержащие вакцины для специфической иммунотерапии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-0148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislava Yu. Petrova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior researcher, Laboratory of allergens</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Станислава Юрьевна — к.м.н., с.н.с. лаб. по разработке аллергенов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>laball@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-7682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlgatian</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлгатян</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Khlgatian — D. Sci. (Biol.), leading researcher, Laboratory of allergens</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хлгатян Светлана Вагинаковна — д.б.н., в.н.с. лаб. по разработке аллергенов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-7593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Berzhets</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бержец</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina M. Berzhets — D. Sci. (Biol.), Prof., Head, Laboratory of allergens</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бержец Валентина Михайловна — д.б.н., проф. зав. лаб. по разработке аллергенов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7703-2698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasileva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Vasilyeva — researcher, Laboratory of allergens</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Анна Викторовна — н.с. лаб. по разработке аллергенов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-03-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Petrova S.Y., Khlgatian S.V., Berzhets V.M., Vasileva A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Петрова С.Ю., Хлгатян С.В., Бержец В.М., Васильева А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrova S.Y., Khlgatian S.V., Berzhets V.M., Vasileva A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петрова С.Ю., Хлгатян С.В., Бержец В.М., Васильева А.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/993">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/993</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) has been used for more than a hundred years to treat patients with IgEmediated allergic diseases. The most common allergens have been obtained using molecular cloning technology in the past two decades. To increase the safety of immunotherapy, a large group of genetically modified allergens with reduced allergenic activity was created. The mechanism of action of these therapeutic allergens differs from natural allergen extracts, and more research is needed to understand how desensitization occurs in each case. The objective of this review is to introduce readers to new therapeutic allergy vaccines and their structural modification features as well as immunological effects on the body. To achieve this objective, we have analyzed and systematized the experimental developments presented in the literature on the main directions of creating new allergy vaccines: hypoallergenic derivatives of recombinant allergens, T cell epitope-based allergy vaccines and B cell epitope-based allergy vaccines, DNA vaccines.Summing up the results of the research presented in the literature, it is necessary to note the high heterogeneity of designs used to achieve the high efficiency of the developed therapeutic allergens. All allergy vaccines presented in the review solve the tasks set by the researchers: in experimental animal models they induce immunogenicity or tolerance, in clinical trials they reduce the symptoms of allergic reactions. The the effectiveness of the proposed medicinal products is quite high but its evaluation requires further long-term preclinical and clinical trials to confirm the safety and harmlessness of the created allergy vaccines.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Аллергенспецифическую иммунотерапию (АСИТ) используют более 100 лет для лечения пациентов с IgE-опосредованными аллергическими заболеваниями. В последние два десятилетия наиболее распространённые лечебные аллергены были получены с помощью технологии молекулярного клонирования. Для повышения безопасности иммунотерапии создана большая группа генетически модифицированных аллергенов со сниженной аллергенной активностью. Механизм действия данных лечебных аллергенов отличается от такового природных экстрактов аллергенов, и необходимы дополнительные исследования, чтобы понять, как происходит десенсибилизация в каждом случае.<bold>Целью</bold> обзора является ознакомление читателей с новыми лечебными аллергенсодержащими вакцинами, особенностями их структурной модификации и иммунологическим воздействием на организм.Мы провели анализ и систематизацию представленных в литературе экспериментальных разработок по основным направлениям создания новых вакцин от аллергии: гипоаллергенных производных рекомбинантных аллергенов, вакцин, содержащих антигены с Т-эпитопами, и вакцин, содержащих антигены с В-эпитопами, ДНК-вакцин. Нам удалось выявить сильные и слабые стороны основных направлений модификации рекомбинантных аллергенов. Все представленные в обзоре аллергенсодержащие вакцины решают поставленные исследователями задачи: в экспериментальных моделях на животных они формируют иммуногенность или толерантность, в клинических испытаниях снижают симптомы аллергических реакций. Оценка эффективности предлагаемых вакцин довольно высока, но требуются их дальнейшие доклинические и клинические испытания для подтверждения безопасности и безвредности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>allergens</kwd><kwd>allergen-specific immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>hypoallergenic derivatives of recombinant allergens</kwd><kwd>T cell-epitope based allergy vaccines</kwd><kwd>B cell-epitope based allergy vaccines</kwd><kwd>encapsulated allergens</kwd><kwd>DNA vaccines</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>аллергены</kwd><kwd>аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>гипоаллергенные производные рекомбинантных аллергенов</kwd><kwd>Т-эпитопсодержащие вакцины</kwd><kwd>В-эпитопсодержащие вакцины</kwd><kwd>ДНК-вакцины</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The state source of funding for the planned research topic «Development of new medicinal forms of allergens from house dust mites».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Государственный источник финансирования плановой темы НИР «Разработка новых лекарственных форм аллергенов из клещей домашней пыли».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Петрова С.Ю., Хлгатян С.В., Бержец В.М., Радикова О.В. 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