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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">517</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0372-9311-2020-97-1-15-18</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Model of Prophylactic Efficiency of Influenza Virus Vaccine Corrected to the Antigenic Distance Hypothesis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Модель профилактической эффективности противогриппозной вакцины с поправкой на гипотезу антигенного расстояния</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-3423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesin</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесин</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Igor D. Kolesin</bold> — D. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, Department of Management of Biomedical Systems, Faculty of Applied Mathematics — Control Processes</p><p><italic>Saint-Petersburg 198504</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Колесин Игорь Дмитриевич</bold> — доктор физико-математических наук, профессор кафедры управления медико-биологическими системами факультета прикладной математики — процессов управления</p><p><italic>198504, Санкт-Петербург</italic></p></bio><email>kolesin_id@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5085-9003</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhitkova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Житкова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Ekaterina M. Zhitkova</bold> — Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), researcher, Department of Management of Biomedical Systems, Faculty of Applied Mathematics — Control Processes</p><p><italic>Saint-Petersburg 198504</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Житкова Екатерина Михайловна</bold> — кандидат физико-математических наук, научный сотрудник кафедры управления медикобиологическими системами факультета прикладной математики — процессов управления</p><p><italic>198504, Санкт-Петербург</italic></p></bio><email>zhitkovakaterina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-04-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-03-05"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-03-05"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Kolesin I.D., Zhitkova E.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Колесин И.Д., Житкова Е.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolesin I.D., Zhitkova E.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колесин И.Д., Житкова Е.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/517">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/517</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The<bold> aim</bold> of the study is to find a quantitative relationship between antigenic distances (AD) and vaccination effectiveness (VE) and investigate the response of VE to changes in AD.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods</bold>. Through the epidemiological data of three influenza seasons in Canada, interpreted within the framework of the antigenic distance hypothesis (ADH), the introduction of the correction factor into the model for estimating VE was substantiated considering the antigenic relationship between the previous season vaccine (V1), the current season vaccine (V2) and the circulating epidemic strain (e).</p> <p><bold>Results</bold>. A quantitative relationship between VE and AD was found, reproducing the results of epidemiological observation of two groups of people: vaccinated in the previous and current seasons (V1+V2) and vaccinated only in the current season (0+V2). The difference in the response of VE to different indicators of AD was found and allowing to use only one significant indicator.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. Тhe model proposed relates the microbiological indicators AD with epidemiological characteristic of VE. The model extends the analysis, allowing to use it as an assessment tool for the expected changes in vaccine effectiveness in various settings of the ADH hypothesis experiment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель </bold>исследования — найти количественную взаимосвязь антигенных расстояний (AD) с эффективностью вакцины (VE) и исследовать чувствительность VE к изменению AD.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> С помощью данных эпидемиологических наблюдений за тремя сезонами по гриппу в Канаде с интерпретацией в рамках гипотезы антигенного расстояния (ADH) обосновывается введение поправочного множителя в модель для оценки VE. Поправка учитывает наличие антигенной взаимосвязи между вакциной предыдущего сезона (V1), вакциной текущего сезона (V2) и циркулирующим эпидемическим штаммом (<italic>е</italic>).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Найдена количественная взаимосвязь VE с AD, воспроизводящая результаты эпидемиологических наблюдений за двумя группами лиц: одна — только с текущей вакцинацией (0+V2), другая — с предшествующей и текущей (V1+V2) вакцинациями. Выявлено различие в чувствительности VE к разным показателям AD, позволяющее ограничиться ведущим показателем.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Предложенная модель соотносит микробиологические показатели AD с эпидемиологической характеристикой VE. Модель расширяет анализ, позволяя использовать ее как средство оценки ожидаемых изменений VE в разных постановках эксперимента по проверке гипотезы ADH.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>effectiveness of influenza vaccine</kwd><kwd>hypothesis of antigenic distance</kwd><kwd>prior season’s vaccine</kwd><kwd>current season’s vaccine</kwd><kwd>epidemic strain</kwd><kwd>a model for evaluating the effectiveness of a vaccine</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эффективность противогриппозной вакцины</kwd><kwd>гипотеза антигенного расстояния</kwd><kwd>вакцина предыдущего сезона</kwd><kwd>вакцина текущего сезона</kwd><kwd>эпидемический штамм</kwd><kwd>модель оценки эффективности вакцины</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Hoskins T.W., Davies J.R., Smith A.J., Miller C.L., Allchin A. 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