Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiologyJournal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiologyЖурнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии0372-93112686-7613Central Research Institute for Epidemiology33510.36233/0372-9311-2018-6-103-109ArticlesСтатьиMELIOIDOSIS AND GLANDERS: CURRENT STATE AND ACTUAL ISSUES OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCEМЕЛИОИДОЗ И САП: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО НАДЗОРАZakharovaI. B.ЗахароваИ. Б.
Russian Federation
ToporkovA. V.ТопорковА. В.
Russian Federation
ViktorovD. V.ВикторовД. В.
Russian Federation
Volgograd Research Institute for Plague ControlВолгоградский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт2812201895610310910042019Copyright ©; 2018, Zakharova I.B., Toporkov A.V., Viktorov D.V.Copyright ©; 2018, Захарова И.Б., Топорков А.В., Викторов Д.В.2018Zakharova I.B., Toporkov A.V., Viktorov D.V.Захарова И.Б., Топорков А.В., Викторов Д.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/335

Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei are etiologic agents of glanders and melioidosis, the particularly dangerous infections of animals and humans, and are attributed to potential agents of bioterrorism. The manifestation of diseases ranges from acute septicemia to chronic infection, any organs and tissues are affected, andtreatment requires long intravenous and oral antibiotic courses. The endemic zone of glanders and melioidosis covers spacious regions in the world, and the number of imported cases to temperate regions is constantly increasing. For the Russian Federation, glanders and melioidosis are «forgotten» and «unknown» infections, and this review presents current data on their distribution in the world, epidemiological aspects, and laboratory diagnosis features.

Burkholderia pseudomallei и Burkholderia mallei являются этиологическими агентами особо опасных инфекций животных и людей, сапа и мелиоидоза и отнесены к потенциальным агентам биотерроризма. Проявления заболеваний варьируются от острой септицимии до хронической инфекции, поражаются любые органы и ткани, лечение требует длительных внутривенных и пероральных курсов антибиотиков. Зона эндемичности сапа и мелиоидоза охватывает значительные регионы мира, возрастает число случаев завоза инфекции в страны умеренных широт. Для Российской Федерации сап и мелиоидоз являются «забытой» и «неизвестной» инфекциями, и в настоящем обзоре представлены современные данные об их распространении в мире, эпидемиологических аспектах и особенностях лабораторной диагностики.

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