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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">272</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0372-9311-2018-2-95-102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">COINFECTION BY HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUSES: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PATHOGENS AND PROSPECTS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>КОИНФЕКЦИЯ ВИРУСАМИ ГЕПАТИТОВ В И ДЕЛЬТА: МОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЕЙ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ФАРМАКОТЕРАПИИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balmasova</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балмасова</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sepiashvili</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сепиашвили</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Slavyanskaya</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Славянская</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sepiashvili</surname><given-names>Ya. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сепиашвили</surname><given-names>Я. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">People's Friendship Universit</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов, Московский государственный медикостоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Evdokimov Moscow State Medical-Stomatological University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">People's Friendship University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff4"><institution>People's Friendship University</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-04-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>95</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Balmasova I.P., Sepiashvili R.I., Slavyanskaya T.A., Malova E.S., Sepiashvili Y.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Балмасова И.П., Сепиашвили Р.И., Славянская Т.А., Малова Е.С., Сепиашвили Я.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balmasova I.P., Sepiashvili R.I., Slavyanskaya T.A., Malova E.S., Sepiashvili Y.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балмасова И.П., Сепиашвили Р.И., Славянская Т.А., Малова Е.С., Сепиашвили Я.Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/272">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/272</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and obligate companion of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The clinical significance of HDV and HBV coinfection is associated with more severe forms of acute or chronic viral hepatitis, a higher risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma compared to BGV-monoinfection. Current knowledge of the molecular biology of pathogens confirms the existence of a very complex relationship between the HBV, HDV, infected hepatocytes and cells of the immune system. Despite the fact that HBV viremia can now be controlled by using nucleoside analogues in the majority of patients, the problem of treating HDV and HBV coinfection is far from being resolved. Fundamental studies in recent years have led to significant progress in understanding the biology of HDV and provide the basis for the development and introduction into clinical practice highly effective antiviral drugs.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Вирус гепатита дельта (ВГдельта) является дефектным вирусом и облигатным спутником вируса гепатита В (ВГВ). Клиническое значение ВГдельта и ВГВ коинфекции связано с более тяжелыми формами острого или хронического вирусного гепатита, более высоким риском развития цирроза печени и гепатоклеточной карциномы по сравнению с ВГВ-моноинфекцией. Современный уровень знаний по молекулярной биологии возбудителей подтверждает существование очень сложных взаимоотношений между ВГВ, ВГдельта, зараженными гепатоцитами и клетками иммунной системы. Несмотря на то, что виремия ВГВ в настоящее время может контролироваться у подавляющего большинства лиц с помощью нуклеозидных аналогов, проблема лечения ВГдельта и ВГВ коинфекции далека от своего решения. Фундаментальные исследования последних лет позволили добиться значительного прогресса в понимании биологии ВГдельта и создают основу для разработки и внедрения в клиническую практику высокоэффективных противовирусных препаратов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatitis delta virus</kwd><kwd>hepatitis B virus</kwd><kwd>coinfection</kwd><kwd>molecular biology of viruses</kwd><kwd>antiviral therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус гепатита дельта</kwd><kwd>вирус гепатита В</kwd><kwd>коинфекция</kwd><kwd>молекулярная биология вирусов</kwd><kwd>противовирусная терапия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Богомолов П.О., Воронкова Н.В., Буеверов А.О., Мациевич М.В., Alexandrov A., Wedermeyer H. Первый опыт применения препарата «Myrcludex В» при хроническом гепатите D (Предварительные результаты). 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