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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">255</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0372-9311-2018-1-112-119</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">GASTROINTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND OBESITY. APPROVING PROBIOTICS AS DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF OBESITY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ МИКРОФЛОРЫ ЖКТ НА ОЖИРЕНИЕ. ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПРОБИОТИКОВ КАК ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karamzin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карамзин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshin</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терешин</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical Universit</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-02-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>95</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Karamzin A.M., Tereshin N.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Карамзин А.М., Терешин Н.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karamzin A.M., Tereshin N.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карамзин А.М., Терешин Н.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/255">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/255</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Once considered as a problem only in high income countries, overweight and obesity now rise in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings. This situation accelerates the development of different approaches to investigation of obesity, makes the medical community look for new approaches to investigation of the obesity. Human’s microbiome is an imprescriptible part of it. Nevertheless it’s energetic function wasn’t fully appraised. Microbiome takes part in shorty chain fatty acids metabolism. Bacterial cells provide over 70% of daily energy for enterocytes, it’s part in general metabolism takes over 10%. ScFA can change activity of adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase, stimulate leptin synthesis. Microbiome regulates synthesis of glucagon-like peptide, which has contrinsular effect. Right composition of microbiome reduces non-specific inflammation, produces isomers of linoleic acid, which can cause reduction of inflammation too. This article appraises probiotics as drugs for treatment to obesity and eradication of some conditions that can arise during obesity (atherosclerosis, hypertension, depression).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящее время проблема излишнего веса и ожирения, согласно данным ВОЗ, получает распространение не только в странах с большим уровнем дохода, но и во всех остальных. Такая ситуация вызывает беспокойство и заставляет ученый мир рассматривать ожирение со всех сторон, вовлекая в изучение этой проблемы специалистов всех областей. Микробном человека является его неотъемлемой частью. Однако его энергетической функции до недавнего времени придавалось небольшое значение. Его участие в обмене короткоцепочечных жирных кислот (КЖК) играет ключевую роль в энергетическом обмене энтероцитов, обеспечивая 70% энергии, в общем же метаболизме около 10% энергии синтезируется из КЖК. Короткоцепочечные жирные кислоты также влияют на активность аденозинмонофосфат-зависимой протеинкиназы, стимулируют выработку лептина, участвуют в синтезе холестерола. Микробном регулирует синтез глюкагон-подобного пептида, обладающего контринсулярным эффектом, правильный состав микробиома позволяет снизить уровень неспецифического воспаления; бифидо- и лактобациллы синтезируют изомеры линолевой кислоты, которые обладают противовоспалительным действием. В данной работе рассматривается целесообразность применения про-, пре- и эубиотических препаратов для лечения ожирения, а также состояний, которые могут осложнять его течение (атеросклероз, гипертония, депрессия).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gastrointestinal microbiota</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микрофлора ЖКТ</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ерофеев Н.П., Радченко В.Г., Селиверстов П.В. Клиническая физиология толстой кишки. Механизмы действия коротко-цепочечных жирных кислот в норме и при патологии. Монография. СПб, Форте Принт, 2012.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bergman Е. N. Energy contributions of volatile fatty acids from the gastrointestinal tract in various species. 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