Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiologyJournal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiologyЖурнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии0372-93112686-7613Central Research Institute for Epidemiology1892510.36233/0372-9311-722XSKWOCORIGINAL RESEARCHESОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯResearch ArticleEtiological structure of acute intestinal infections based on the results of exterritorial monitoringЭтиологическая структура острых кишечных инфекций по результатам экстерриториального мониторингаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-2377MakarovaMaria A.МакароваМария Александровна
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor, senior researcher, Head, Laboratory of enteric infection, St. Pasteur Institute, Professor, Department of medical microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University

д-р мед. наук, доцент, в. н. с., зав. лаб. кишечных инфекций Санкт-Петербургского НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера, профессор каф. медицинской микробиологии Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова

makmaria@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-7945-3807BaldeRamatoulayБальдэРаматулай
Guinea

Researcher, Department of bacteriology

н. с. отдела бактериологии

balderamatoulaye025@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0989-1404KaftyrevaLidiya A.КафтыреваЛидия Алексеевна
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head, Microbiological department, St. Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Department of medical microbiology, I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University

д-р мед. наук, зав. микробиологическим отделом Санкт-Петербургского НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера, профессор каф. медицинской микробиологии Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова

kaflidia@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7173-2255MatveevaZoya N.МатвееваЗоя Николаевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.), leading researcher, Laboratory of enteric infection

канд. мед. наук, в. н. с. лаб. кишечных инфекций

z_matveeva56@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-9620-9784ZhamborovaSamida Kh.ЖамбороваСамида Хасанбиевна
Russian Federation

Researcher, Laboratory of enteric infection

м. н. с. лаб. кишечных инфекций

zhamborova.m@mail.ruSt. Pasteur InstituteСанкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени ПастераI.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical UniversityСеверо-Западная медицинская академия имени И.И. МечниковаResearch Institute of Applied Biology of GuineaНаучно-исследовательский институт прикладной биологии ГвинеиSt. Pasteur Institute, St. PetersburgСанкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера1509202510244364441509202515092025Copyright ©; 2025, Makarova M.A., Balde R., Kaftyreva L.A., Matveeva Z.N., Zhamborova S.K.Copyright ©; 2025, Макарова М.А., Бальдэ Р., Кафтырева Л.А., Матвеева З.Н., Жамборова С.Х.2025Makarova M.A., Balde R., Kaftyreva L.A., Matveeva Z.N., Zhamborova S.K.Макарова М.А., Бальдэ Р., Кафтырева Л.А., Матвеева З.Н., Жамборова С.Х.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/18925

Introduction. Acute intestinal infections cause high morbidity and mortality, especially in Africa and Southeast Asia, where millions of children under the age of five die every year. The Republic of Guinea urgently requires large-scale research aimed at studying the causes of diarrheal diseases, necessary for the development of effective preventive measures to ensure the preservation of the health of its population.

Aim. To conduct a analysis of the etiological structure of acute intestinal infections in the Republic of Guinea.

Materials and methods. Stool samples (n = 724) from residents of the Republic of Guinea with diarrheal syndrome were studied by real-time PCR with two reagent kits: 1) AmpliSens OKI screen-FL for the detection of DNA (RNA) of microorganisms Shigella spp./EIEC, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Adenovirus, Rotavirus, Norovirus and Astrovirus; 2) AmpliSens Escherichiosis-FL for the detection of DNA of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) of five pathogroups: EPEC, EHEC, ETEC, EIEC, EAgEC.

Results. In the period 2019-2022, 66.2% of the examined children and adults revealed the presence of genetic markers of acute intestinal infections, mainly of bacterial etiology (74.1%), among which diarrheagenic E. coli dominated (62.4%). Genetic markers of viral pathogens were detected significantly less frequently by 25.9%, p < 0.05. Young children are most vulnerable to infection caused by E. coli. Bacterial pathogens dominate both in cases of monoinfections and in cases of mixed infection with two or more types of pathogens.

Conclusion. A study has shown that DEC is the main cause of intestinal infections in Guinea. The data obtained will become the basis for the development of an effective program for the prevention and treatment of acute intestinal infections in the republic.

Введение. Острые кишечные инфекции (ОКИ) вызывают высокую заболеваемость и смертность, особенно в Африке и Юго-Восточной Азии, где каждый год умирают миллионы детей младше 5 лет. Республика Гвинея остро нуждается в проведении широкомасштабных исследований, направленных на изучение причин диарейных заболеваний, необходимых для разработки эффективных мер профилактики, обеспечивающих сохранение здоровья её населения.

Цель — провести анализ этиологической структуры ОКИ в Гвинейской Республике.

Материалы и методы. Пробы испражнений (n = 724) жителей Гвинейской Республики с диарейным синдромом изучали методом ПЦР в реальном времени с двумя наборами реагентов: 1) «АмплиСенс ОКИ скрин-FL» для выявления ДНК (РНК) микроорганизмов Shigella spp./EIEC, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Adenovirus, Rotavirus, Norovirus и Astrovirus; 2) «АмплиСенс Эшерихиозы-FL» для выявления ДНК диареегенных Escherichia coli (DEC) 5 патогрупп: EPEC, EHEC, ETEC, EIEC, EAgEC.

Результаты. В 2019–2022 гг. у 66,2% обследованных детей и взрослых обнаружены генетические детерминанты ОКИ, преимущественно бактериальной этиологии (74,1%), среди которых доминировали диареегенные E. coli (62,4%). Генетические маркеры вирусных патогенов выявлялись значительно реже — 25,9% (р < 0,05). Дети раннего возраста наиболее уязвимы перед инфекцией, вызванной DEC. Бактериальные возбудители доминируют как в случаях моноинфекций, так и при сочетанном заражении двумя и более видами патогенов.

Заключение. Исследование показало, что DEC являются основной причиной ОКИ в Гвинее. Полученные данные станут основой для разработки эффективной программы профилактики и лечения ОКИ в республике.

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