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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">18626</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0372-9311-575</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">rnwece</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Selective suppression of influenza A/H5N1 virus replication <italic>in vitro</italic> using nanocomplexes consisting of siRNA and aminopropylsilanol nanoparticles</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Селективное подавление репликации вируса гриппа A/H5N1 <italic>in vitro</italic> с помощью нанокомплексов, состоящих из siRNA и наночастиц аминопропилсиланола</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7108-9036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Repkova</surname><given-names>Marina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Репкова</surname><given-names>Марина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Chem.), researcher, Laboratory of nucleic acids</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. х. н., н. с. лаб. нуклеиновых кислот</p></bio><email>zarytova@niboch.ncs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2423-3805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Levina</surname><given-names>Asya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левина</surname><given-names>Ася Сауловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Chem.), senior researcher, Laboratory of nucleic acids</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. х. н., с. н. с. лаб. нуклеиновых кислот</p></bio><email>zarytova@niboch.ncs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-4091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazurkov</surname><given-names>Oleg Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазурков</surname><given-names>Олег Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), researcher, Department of prevention and treatment of especially dangerous infections</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., н. с. отдела профилактики и лечения особо опасных инфекций</p></bio><email>zarytova@niboch.ncs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5146-8979</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarevich</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаревич</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher, Department of prevention and treatment of especially dangerous infections</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н. с. отдела профилактики и лечения особо опасных инфекций</p></bio><email>zarytova@niboch.ncs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-4462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), researcher, Department of prevention and treatment of especially dangerous infections</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., н. с. отдела профилактики и лечения особо опасных инфекций</p></bio><email>zarytova@niboch.ncs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1896-2684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazurkova</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазуркова</surname><given-names>Наталья Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Biol.), leading researcher, Department of prevention and treatment of especially dangerous infections</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. б. н., в. н. с. отдела профилактики и лечения особо опасных инфекций</p></bio><email>zarytova@niboch.ncs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9579-9972</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarytova</surname><given-names>Valentina F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарытова</surname><given-names>Валентина Филипповна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Chem.), leading researcher, Laboratory of nucleic acids</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. х. н., г. н. с. лаб. нуклеиновых кислот</p></bio><email>zarytova@niboch.ncs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>794</fpage><lpage>802</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-08-15"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Repkova M.N., Levina A.S., Mazurkov O.Y., Makarevich E.V., Filippova E.I., Mazurkova N.A., Zarytova V.F.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Репкова М.Н., Левина А.С., Мазурков О.Ю., Макаревич Е.В., Филиппова Е.И., Мазуркова Н.А., Зарытова В.Ф.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Repkova M.N., Levina A.S., Mazurkov O.Y., Makarevich E.V., Filippova E.I., Mazurkova N.A., Zarytova V.F.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Репкова М.Н., Левина А.С., Мазурков О.Ю., Макаревич Е.В., Филиппова Е.И., Мазуркова Н.А., Зарытова В.Ф.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/18626">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/18626</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Relevance. </bold>Studies on model systems have confirmed the effectiveness of antisense oligonucleotides, including those that contain photoactive groups, for the modification of nucleic acids. However, this strategy has not yet found wide application due to the lack of successful methods for the intracellular delivery. The development of effective preparations capable of acting on target nucleic acids in cells is an urgent task.</p> <p><bold>The aim </bold>of the study is to create nanocomplexes consisting of aminopropylsilanol nanoparticles and short interfering RNA (siRNA) to study their effect on target nucleic acids by the example of inhibition of influenza A virus replication in vitro.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. MDCK cells, influenza virus A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (A/H5N1), aminopropylsilanol nanoparticles, and native and modified siRNA molecules.</p> <p><bold>Results and discussion. </bold>We have prepared unique Si~NH<sub>2</sub>/siRNA nanocomplexes, which consist of aminopropylsilanol nanoparticles and siRNA molecules, which enable cell penetration and selective interaction with target nucleic acids, respectively. The antiviral activity of the proposed nanocomplexes has been studied on MDCK cells infected with the influenza A/H5N1 virus. It has been shown that the double-stranded siRNA molecules in the nanocomplexes, which act by the RNA interference mechanism, are more efficient in inhibiting the replication of the influenza virus than the corresponding single-stranded RNA fragments. The most effective nanocomplex that contained siRNA targeted at the chosen region of mRNA segment 5 of the viral genome reduced virus replication in the culture by a factor of 630. We have shown that non-agglomerated and water-soluble aminopropylsilanol nanoparticles are low-toxic, capable of delivering siRNA into cells and protecting siRNA in the Si~NH<sub>2</sub>/siRNA nanocomplexes from hydrolysis by cellular nucleases.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The biological activity of the created nanocomplexes has been demonstrated by the example of highly effective selective suppression of influenza A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 virus replication in the cellular system.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>Вирусы гриппа, относящиеся к семейству <italic>Orthomyxoviridae</italic>, широко распространены в природе и часто являются причиной возникновения пандемий. Появление новых штаммов вируса, устойчивых к лекарственным препаратам, вызывает потребность в разработке новых эффективных лекарственных форм, селективно действующих на вирусы гриппа А.</p> <p><bold>Цель </bold>работы — создание нанокомплексов, состоящих из наночастиц аминопропилсиланола (АПС) и малых интерферирующих РНК (siRNA), и исследование их воздействия на нуклеиновые кислоты-мишени на примере ингибирования репликации вируса гриппа А в клеточной системе.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В работе использовали клетки MDCK, вирус гриппа A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (A/H5N1), наночастицы АПС, нативные и модифицированные молекулы siRNA.</p> <p><bold>Результаты и обсуждение. </bold>Созданы уникальные нанокомплексы Si~NH<sub>2</sub>/siRNA, состоящие из наночастиц АПС и иммобилизованных на них молекул siRNA, обеспечивающих соответственно проникновение в клетки и селективное взаимодействие с нуклеиновыми кислотами-мишенями. Противовирусную активность предложенных нанокомплексов исследовали на клетках MDCK, заражённых вирусом гриппа A/H5N1. Показано, что двухцепочечные молекулы siRNA в составе нанокомплексов, действующие по механизму РНК-интерференции, более эффективно подавляют репликацию вируса гриппа по сравнению с соответствующими одноцепочечными фрагментами РНК. Наиболее эффективный нанокомплекс, содержащий siRNA, нацеленную на выбранный участок 5-го сегмента мРНК вирусного генома, снижал репликацию вируса гриппа А в культуре клеток в 630 раз. Показано, что неагломерированные, растворимые в водных растворах наночастицы АПС являются малотоксичными, способными доставлять siRNA в клетки и защищать siRNA в составе нанокомплексов Si~NH<sub>2</sub>/siRNA от гидролиза клеточными нуклеазами.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Продемонстрирована высокая биологическая активность созданных нанокомплексов на примере селективного и высокоэффективного подавления репликации вируса гриппа A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 в клеточной системе.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aminopropylsilanol nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>nanocomplexes</kwd><kwd>siRNA</kwd><kwd>antiviral activity</kwd><kwd>influenza A/H5N1 virus</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наночастицы аминопропилсиланола</kwd><kwd>нанокомплексы</kwd><kwd>siRNA</kwd><kwd>противовирусная активность</kwd><kwd>вирус гриппа A/H5N1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский Научный Фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>23-25-00230</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Belgrad J., Fakih H.H., Khvorova A. 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