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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">13953</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">INTESTINE MICROBIOTA AND ALLERGIC DISEASES</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>МИКРОБИОТА КИШЕЧНИКА И АЛЛЕРГИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimova</surname><given-names>O. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимова</surname><given-names>О. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gervazieva</surname><given-names>V. B</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гервазиева</surname><given-names>В. Б</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zverev</surname><given-names>V. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зверев</surname><given-names>В. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ вакцин и сывороток им. И.И.Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>91</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO3 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№3 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-06-09"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Maksimova O.V., Gervazieva V.B., Zverev V.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Максимова О.В., Гервазиева В.Б., Зверев В.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maksimova O.V., Gervazieva V.B., Zverev V.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Максимова О.В., Гервазиева В.Б., Зверев В.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/13953">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/13953</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In industrialized countries an increased number of diseases due to immune system disorders including connected with allergy is noted. Allergic diseases generally proceed against the background of various common inflammatory diseases arising in childhood. The role of intestine microflora in its interaction with immune system and defining factors in allergization of children are actively studied. A decrease of risk of allergy development later in life for children who had grown up in the countryside was shown to be possibly related with microorganisms present in food. Thus the positive potential of farms is currently examined as a result of innate immunity activation by using microbial components. Acinetobacter lwoffii F78 isolated from cowsheds is able to protect mice from experimental allergy by activating Th1-polarization program of dendritic cells. Moreover, an important role in pathogenesis of allergic diseases belongs to mast cells. Probiotic lactobacilli may weaken activation of mast cells and release of inflammation mediators connected with allergic reactions. The ability of intestine microflora to influence immune response resulted in novel approaches in therapy that use these differences in microbiota for therapy and prophylaxis in allergy patients. And therefore on the basis of «hygiene hypothesis» of allergy emergence, a consideration is expressed that early manipulation with intestinal microbial communities may offer a new strategy of allergic sensibilization prevention.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В промышленно развитых странах отмечается увеличение числа заболеваний, обусловленных нарушенным состоянием иммунной системы, в том числе связанных с аллергией. Аллергические заболевания, как правило, протекают на фоне разных распространенных воспалительных заболеваний, возникающих в детском возрасте. Активно исследуется роль микрофлоры кишечника в ее взаимодействии с иммунной системой и определяющие факторы в аллергизации детей. Было показано, что снижение риска развития аллергии в последующей жизни у детей, выросших в сельской местности, может быть связано с микроорганизмами, присутствующими в этой среде. И поэтому положительный потенциал фермерских хозяйств сейчас рассматривают как результат активации врожденного иммунитета с помощью микробных компонентов. Выделенный из коровников Acinetobacter lwoffii F78 способен защитить мышей в эксперементальной модели аллергии путем активации TM-поляризационной программы дендритных клеток. Кроме того, важная роль в патогенезе аллергических заболеваний принадлежит тучным клеткам. Пробиотические лактобациллы могут ослаблять активацию тучных клеток и высвобождение медиаторов воспаления, связанных с аллергическими реакциями. Способность кишечной микрофлоры влиять на иммунный ответ привела к новым подходам в терапии, которые используют эти различия в микробиоте в лечении и профилактике больных аллергией. И поэтому, основываясь на «гигенической гипотезе» возникновения аллергии, высказывается суждение, что ранние манипуляции с микробными сообществами кишечника могут предложить новую стратегию для предотвращения аллергической сенсибилизации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intestine microbiota</kwd><kwd>allergy</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиота кишечника</kwd><kwd>аллергия</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Балаболкин И. И. Бронхиальная астма у детей. М., Медицина, 2003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Беляева Л.М. Атопический дерматит и аллергический ринит у детей и подростков. Минск, ООО «В.И.З.А.ГРУПП», 2006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Блинкова Л. П., Альтшуллер М. Л., Дорофеева Е. С., Горобец О. Б. 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