Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiologyJournal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiologyЖурнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии0372-93112686-7613Central Research Institute for Epidemiology13753ArticlesСтатьиEPIDEMIOLOGIChESKAYa I EKONOMIChESKAYa EFFEKTIVNOST' ZAKRYTIYa ShKOL PRI EPIDEMIYaKh I PANDEMIYaKh GRIPPAЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ЗАКРЫТИЯ ШКОЛ ПРИ ЭПИДЕМИЯХ И ПАНДЕМИЯХ ГРИППАGendonYu ZГендонЮ З

НИИ вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова. Москва

Vasil'evYu MВасильевЮ М

НИИ вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова. Москва

НИИ вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова. Москва15072012893NO3 (2012)№3 (2012)11312309062023Copyright ©; 2012, Gendon Y.Z., Vasil'ev Y.M.Copyright ©; 2012, Гендон Ю.З., Васильев Ю.М.2012Gendon Y.Z., Vasil'ev Y.M.Гендон Ю.З., Васильев Ю.М.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/13753

Epidemiologic and economic effectiveness of school closure during influenza epidemics and pandemics is discussed. Optimal effect of school closure is observed when this measure is taken at the start of the epidemic or pandemic and for a sufficiently long time. School closure during high morbidity among schoolchildren, in the middle (at the peak) and by the end of epidemic or pandemic does not influence significantly the spread of influenza or morbidity. Significant economic losses and other negative consequences of school closure are noted. School closure may be the most appropriate during the emergence of influenza pandemic when the pandemic vaccine is not yet available, however timely mass immunization of schoolchildren against influenza may be a more appropriate measure than school closure for the reduction of influenza morbidity and spread during seasonal influenza epidemics.

В обзоре обсуждаются эпидемиологическая и экономическая эффективность закрытия школ во время эпидемий и пандемий гриппа. Отмечается, что оптимальный эффект закрытия школ наблюдается при реализации этого мероприятия в самом начале эпидемии или пандемии и на достаточно длительное время. Закрытие школ при значительной заболеваемости среди школьников, в середине (на пике) и в конце эпидемии или пандемии существенного влияния на распространение и заболеваемость гриппом не оказывает. Отмечается существенный экономический ущерб, а также другие негативные последствия, связанные с закрытием школ. По мнению авторов, закрытие школ может быть наиболее целесообразно при возникновении пандемии гриппа, учитывая отсутствие пандемической вакцины в начале пандемии, однако для снижения заболеваемости и распространения гриппа при сезонных эпидемиях более рациональным может быть не закрытие школ, а проведение своевременной массовой вакцинации школьников против гриппа.

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