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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">13411</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">STUDY OF PERSISTENCE OF LOW VIRULENT STRAIN OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII ON IN VIVO MODEL</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ПЕРСИСТЕНЦИИ НИЗКОВИРУЛЕ НТНОГО ШТАММА TOXOPL AS MA GONDII НА МОДЕЛИ IN VIVO</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharov</surname><given-names>D. B</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаров</surname><given-names>Д. Б</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gubarev</surname><given-names>E. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Губарев</surname><given-names>Е. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tishkevich</surname><given-names>I. M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тишкевич</surname><given-names>И. М</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobets</surname><given-names>N. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобец</surname><given-names>Н. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parkhomenko</surname><given-names>Yu. G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пархоменко</surname><given-names>Ю. Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovaya</surname><given-names>T. G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровая</surname><given-names>Т. Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Marakusha</surname><given-names>B. I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маракуша</surname><given-names>Б. И</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevlyagina</surname><given-names>N. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевлягина</surname><given-names>Н. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Peregudova</surname><given-names>A. B</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перегудова</surname><given-names>А. Б</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф.Гамалеи, Инфекционная клиническая больница № 2, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases No. 1, Moscow, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф.Гамалеи, Инфекционная клиническая больница № 2, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff3"><institution>Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases No. 1, Moscow, Russia</institution></aff><aff id="aff4"><institution>Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2009-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO4 (2009)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№4 (2009)</issue-title><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-06-09"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2009, Goncharov D.B., Gubarev E.V., Tishkevich I.M., Kobets N.V., Parkhomenko Y.G., Borovaya T.G., Marakusha B.I., Shevlyagina N.V., Peregudova A.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2009, Гончаров Д.Б., Губарев Е.В., Тишкевич И.М., Кобец Н.В., Пархоменко Ю.Г., Боровая Т.Г., Маракуша Б.И., Шевлягина Н.В., Перегудова А.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goncharov D.B., Gubarev E.V., Tishkevich I.M., Kobets N.V., Parkhomenko Y.G., Borovaya T.G., Marakusha B.I., Shevlyagina N.V., Peregudova A.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гончаров Д.Б., Губарев Е.В., Тишкевич И.М., Кобец Н.В., Пархоменко Ю.Г., Боровая Т.Г., Маракуша Б.И., Шевлягина Н.В., Перегудова А.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/13411">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/13411</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To study virulence of Toxoplasma gondii strain isolated from pathologicoanatomic brain tissue of HIV-infected patients on in vivo model as well as immune response to the pathogen in immunocompetent animals and in animals with cyclophosphamide-induced areactivity. Materials and methods. Groups of immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice were inoculated with cysts of T.gondii obtained from brain tissues of deceased HIV-infected patients. Parasites were detected in different organs and tissues by PCR as well as by parasitological and histological methods. Antibodies to T.gondii belonging to isotypes IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgA were detected by immunofluorescence assay. Results. Cysts of the pathogen located predominantly in animals' brain, and more rarely — in spleen and liver. Using detection of antibodies of different isotypes, which marked stage of invasion, dynamics of humoral response during persistence of toxoplasms in organism was determined. Analysis of disease pathogenesis as well as peculiarities of immune response to the pathogen in immunocompetent animals and in animals with cyclophosphamide-induced areactivity was performed. Conclusion. Characteristics of strains of toxoplasms isolated from material of brain section of patients with HIV infection were studied. Their low virulence and ability to prolonged persistence in organism of mice were demonstrated on in vivo model. Possible association of T.gondii strains' virulence and clinical symptoms with pathogen ' s genetic polymorphism and its clonal population structure was discussed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель. Изучение вирулентности штамма Toxoplasma gondii из патологоанатомического материала мозга пациентов с ВИЧ на модели in vivo и иммунного ответа на патоген у иммунокомпетентных животных и животных с циклофосфамид индуцированной ареактивностью. Материалы и методы . Цистами T.gondii из фрагментов мозга умерших пациентов с ВИЧ заражали группы иммунокомпетентных и иммунодефицитных мышей. Паразитов у животных в различных органах и тканях определяли с помощью ПЦР, паразитологических и гистологических методов. Антитела изотипов G, G1, G2a, A к T.gondii выявляли в ИФА. Результаты. Цисты возбудителя сохранялись преимущественно в головном мозге животных, реже — в селезенке и печени. Определена динамика гуморального ответа при персистенции токсоплазм в организме мышей с помощью выявления антител различных изотипов, что маркировало стадию течения инвазии. Проведен анализ патогенеза заболевания и особенностей иммунного ответа на патоген у иммунокомпетентных животных и у животных с циклофосфамид индуцированной ареактивностью. Заключение. Изучены свойства штаммов токсоплазм из секционного материала мозга пациентов с ВИЧ. На модели in vivo показана их низкая вирулентность и возможность длительной персистенции токсоплазм в организме мышей. Обсуждена возможная связь вирулентности штаммов T.gondii, клиники заболевания с генетическим полиморфизмом возбудителя и его клональной популяционной структурой.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Toxoplasma gondii</kwd><kwd>toxoplasmosis</kwd><kwd>strain</kwd><kwd>virulence</kwd><kwd>persistence</kwd><kwd>antibodies</kwd><kwd>immune response</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>токсоплазмоз</kwd><kwd>штамм</kwd><kwd>вирулентность</kwd><kwd>персистенция</kwd><kwd>антитела</kwd><kwd>иммунный ответ</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Покровский В.В., Ермак Т.Н., Беляева В.В. и др. ВИЧ-инфекция: клиника, диагностика и лечение. М., ГЕОТАР-МЕД, 2003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Савина М.А. Особенности поведения маловирулентного штамма токсоплазм при частом пассировании. 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