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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">13257</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">BACTERIAL CARRIAGE AS A FORM OF PERSISTENCE OF MENINGOCOCCI</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>БАКТЕРИОНОСИТЕЛЬСТВО КАК ФОРМА ПЕРСИСТЕНЦИИ МЕНИНГОКОККОВ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostyukova</surname><given-names>N. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костюкова</surname><given-names>Н. Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekhalo</surname><given-names>V. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бехало</surname><given-names>В. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф.Гамалея, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2009-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO4 (2009)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№4 (2009)</issue-title><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-06-09"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2009, Kostyukova N.N., Bekhalo V.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2009, Костюкова Н.Н., Бехало В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kostyukova N.N., Bekhalo V.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костюкова Н.Н., Бехало В.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/13257">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/13257</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Features of meningococcal carriage as a form of microorganism's persistence necessary for survival and species preservation are discussed in this review. New data on genetic heterogeneity of meningococcal population, which is major determinant of occurrence of asymptomatic forms, are presented. Process of formation of meningococcal biofilms is described. Materials about systemic and local immunity developed during meningococcal carriage and possible influence of vaccination on carriage rate are reviewed. Role of persistence of meningococci in stimulation of immune protection of population from severe forms is discussed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В представленном обзоре рассматриваются особенности менингококкового носительства как формы персистенции микроорганизма, необходимой для выживания и сохранения вида. Представлены новые данные о генетической гетерогенности менингококковой популяции, что во многом определяет возникновение бессимптомных форм. Описан процесс образования менингококковой биопленки. Рассмотрены материалы о системном и местном иммунитете, возникающем при менингококковом носительстве и возможном влиянии вакцинации на распространение носительства. Обсу ждается роль персистенции менингококков в стимуляции иммунной защиты населения от тяжелых форм.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>meningococci</kwd><kwd>carriage</kwd><kwd>persistence</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>biofilms</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>менингококки</kwd><kwd>носительство</kwd><kwd>персистенция</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>биопленки</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Бухарин О.В. Проблемы персистенции патогенных микроорганизмов. Журн. микробиол. 2006, 4: 4-8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Ильина Т.С., Романова Ю.М., Гинцбург А.Л. 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