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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1260</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0372-9311-241</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Characterization of <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic> isolated from positive samples of hemocultures and cerebrospinal fluid of children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Характеристика <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic>, выделенных из положительных проб гемокультур и ликвора у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4587-0902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadeeva</surname><given-names>Z. Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садеева</surname><given-names>З. З.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zulfirya Z. Sadeeva — junior researcher, Laboratory of molecular microbiology, National Medical Research Center for Children's Health.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Садеева Зульфиря Закиевна — младший научный сотрудник лаб. молекулярной микробиологии НМИЦ здоровья детей.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-0209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina E. Novikova — junior researcher, Laboratory of molecular microbiology, National Medical Research Center for Children's Health.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новикова Ирина Евгеньевна — младший научный сотрудник лаб. молекулярной микробиологии НМИЦ здоровья детей.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9365-9143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyabyeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алябьева</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya M. Alyabyeva — Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior researcher, Head, Laboratory of experimental immunology and virology, National Medical Research Center for Children's Health.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алябьева Наталья Михайловна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, зав. лаб. экспериментальной иммунологии и вирусологии НМИЦ здоровья детей.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3896-2590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Lazareva — D. Sci. (Med.), chief researcher, Laboratory of molecular microbiology, Head, Laboratory of microbiology, National Medical Research Center for Children's Health.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лазарева Анна Валерьевна — доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник лаб. молекулярной микробиологии, зав. лаб. микробиологии НМИЦ здоровья детей.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9418-4418</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaseva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карасева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Karaseva — D. Sci. (Med.), Deputy director for scientific work, Head, Department of combined trauma, anesthesiology and resuscitation, Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карасева Ольга Витальевна — доктор медицинских наук, зам. директора по научной работе, руководитель отдела сочетанной травмы, анестезиологии-реанимации НИИ неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-7946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>А. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey P. Fisenko — D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director, National Medical Research Center for Children's Health.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фисенко Андрей Петрович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор НМИЦ здоровья детей/</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Children's Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>309</fpage><lpage>321</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-07-28"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-07-28"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Sadeeva Z.Z., Novikova I.E., Alyabyeva N.A., Lazareva A.V., Karaseva O.V., Fisenko А.P.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Садеева З.З., Новикова И.Е., Алябьева Н.М., Лазарева А.В., Карасева О.В., Фисенко А.П.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sadeeva Z.Z., Novikova I.E., Alyabyeva N.A., Lazareva A.V., Karaseva O.V., Fisenko А.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Садеева З.З., Новикова И.Е., Алябьева Н.М., Лазарева А.В., Карасева О.В., Фисенко А.П.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/1260">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/1260</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Infections of the bloodstream and central nervous system (CNS) caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are associated with a serious patient conditions and are often accompanied by high mortality.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> Molecular genetic characterization of P. aeruginosa isolated from positive samples of blood cultures and cerebrospinal fluid of patients under 18 years of age from intensive care units of hospitals.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. We conducted a retrospective study of bacteremia and CNS infection cases associated with P. aeruginosa from 2014 to 2021. 24 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa from positive blood cultures and CSF were analyzed. MICs of antibiotics were determined by serial microdilution in broth. Identification of the genes of carbapenemase was carried out using real-time PCR. Virulence genes were determined by PCR. Population diversity was assessed by MLST.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> More than 70% of isolates showed resistance to carbapenem antibiotics. The phenotype of multiple drug resistance had 25% of the isolates. Extreme resistance was shown by 54% of isolates. The detection rate of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) was 54%. Based on PCR data, 33% of the strains were found to have the ExoU type, and 67% had the ExoS type. According to MLST, 16 genotypes were identified. The structure was dominated by two sequence types ST654 (29%) and ST235 (12.5%). The structure of patients was dominated by children with surgical pathology — 16 cases, and there were eight somatic patients. Fatal outcome was observed in 28% of cases with bacteremia and CNS infection associated with P. aeruginosa.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> P. aeruginosa isolates from positive blood cultures and CSF samples are highly resistant to antibiotics; virulence genes were found in all isolates. Strains of high epidemic risk prevailed in the studied sample. More than a quarter of the described clinical cases had an unfavorable outcome.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Инфекции кровотока и центральной нервной системы (ЦНС), вызванные Pseudomonas aeruginosa, связаны с тяжёлым состоянием пациентов и нередко сопровождаются высокой летальностью.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — молекулярно-генетическая характеристика P. aeruginosa, выделенных из положительных проб гемокультур и ликвора пациентов до 18 лет из отделений реанимации и интенсивной терапии стационаров.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Проведено ретроспективное исследование случаев бактериемии и инфекции ЦНС, связанных с P. aeruginosa, с 2014 по 2021 г. Изучены 24 клинических изолята P. aeruginosa из положительных гемокультур и ликвора. В структуре пациентов были 16 детей с хирургической патологией и 8 пациентов соматического профиля. Минимальную подавляющую концентрацию антибиотиков определяли методом серийных микроразведений в бульоне. Карбапенемазы выявляли в ПЦР в режиме реального времени. Гены вирулентности определяли методом ПЦР. Популяционное разнообразие оценивали методом мультилокусного сиквенс-типирования (МЛСТ).</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. В 28% случаев при бактериемии и инфекции ЦНС, ассоциированной с P. aeruginosa, был летальный исход. Более 70% изолятов проявляли устойчивость к карбапенемным антибиотикам. Фенотипом множественной лекарственной устойчивости обладали 25% изолятов. Экстремальную резистентность проявляли 54% изолятов. Частота выявления металло-β-лактамаз составила 54%. При проведении ПЦР у 33% штаммов выявлен ExoU-тип, у 67% — ExoS-тип. По данным МЛСТ определено 16 генотипов. В структуре преобладали сиквенс-типы ST654 (29%) и ST235 (12,5%).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Изоляты P. aeruginosa, выделенные из положительных гемокультур и проб ликвора, обладают высокой резистентностью к антибиотикам, гены вирулентности обнаружены у всех изолятов. Чаще в изученной выборке определялись штаммы высокого эпидемического риска. Более четверти описанных клинических случаев имели неблагоприятный исход.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bacteremia</kwd><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>virulence</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактериемия</kwd><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>вирулентность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии внешнего финансирования при проведении исследования</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Teelucksingh K., Shaw E. Clinical characteristics, appropriateness of empiric antibiotic therapy, and outcome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia across multiple community hospitals. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 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