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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0372-9311</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-7613</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1178</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0372-9311-221</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of eNOS gene polymorphisms in immunopathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль полиморфизма гена eNOS в иммунопатогенезе первичной открытоугольной глаукомы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1757-8389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Svitich</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свитич</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana A. Svitich — D. Sci. (Med.), Corresponding Member of the RAS, Professor, Department of microbiology, virology and immunology, F.F. Erisman Institute of Public Health;</p><p>Director, I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свитич Оксана Анатольевна — д.м.н., член-корреспондент РАН, профессор каф. микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана;директор НИИВС им. И.И. Мечникова,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4473-0577</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kinkulkina</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кинкулькина</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aliya R. Kinkulkina — graduate student, Department of microbiology, virology and immunology, F.F. Erisman Institute of Public Health;</p><p>junior researcher, </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кинкулькина Алия Ряшидовна — аспирант каф. микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана;</p><p>м.н.с.,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>princes111@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5642-7092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Avagyan</surname><given-names>H. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авагян</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hasmik S. Avagyan — student, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; laboratory assistant, </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авагян Асмик Самсоновна — студентка;</p><p>лаборант,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2071-9322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Gavrilova — D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of ophthalmology, </p><p>Perm</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаврилова Татьяна Валерьевна — д.м.н., профессор, зав. каф. офтальмологии,</p><p>Пермь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-03-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-10"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-03-10"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Svitich O.A., Kinkulkina A.R., Avagyan H.S., Gavrilova T.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Свитич О.А., Кинкулькина А.Р., Авагян А.С., Гаврилова Т.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Svitich O.A., Kinkulkina A.R., Avagyan H.S., Gavrilova T.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Свитич О.А., Кинкулькина А.Р., Авагян А.С., Гаврилова Т.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/1178">https://microbiol.crie.ru/jour/article/view/1178</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. Pathologies of the visual organ (keratitis, glaucoma, etc.) occupy a leading place among the causes of vision loss and blindness. According to the literature, the immunopathogenesis of bacterial keratitis is associated with the activation of macrophages and oxygen explosion. The role of these mechanisms in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma is not fully understood. There are isolated studies in which the development of this pathology is associated with nitric oxide NO, which is produced by endothelial NO synthase (nos). However, despite numerous studies, the role of immunogenetics in the pathogenesis of glaucoma remains insufficiently researched.</p> <p><bold>The aim of the study</bold> is to explore the association of T786C, C774T, Glu298Asp polymorphic markers of the eNOS gene with development of POAG in residents of the Perm Territory.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study was performed using peripheral blood collected from 93 patients with POAG and 96 patients with cataracts. The real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed after the DNA extraction. The frequencies of alleles and genotypes in the study groups were measured using the chi-square (χ2 ) test and Fisher’s exact test. Results with p &lt; 0.05 were seen as statistically significant. The calculated odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval were used to quantify the association between POAG development in patients and the existence of an unfavorable polymorphic marker.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold>. The C774T and Glu298Asp markers did not show any significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles of the eNOS gene. Higher frequencies of the homozygous TT genotype; and lower frequencies of the C allele of T786C polymorphic locus of eNOS gene were detected in patients with POAG.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. Polymorphic markers of the eNOS gene can be seen as factors associated with the risk of POAG. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Патологии органа зрения (кератиты, глаукома и др.) занимают ведущее место среди причин снижения зрения и слепоты. По данным литературы, иммунопатогенез бактериальных кератитов связан с активацией макрофагов и кислородным взрывом. Не до конца понятна роль этих механизмов в патогенезе первичной открытоугольной глаукомы. Есть единичные работы, в которых связывают развитие этой патологии с оксидом азота NO, который продуцируется эндотелиальной NO-синтазой (eNOS). Однако, несмотря на многочисленные исследования, роль иммуногенетических в патогенезе глаукомы остаются недостаточно исследованными.</p> <p><bold>Цель работы</bold> — изучение роли полиморфных маркеров T786C, C774T, Glu298Asp гена eNOS при развитии ПОУГ у жителей Пермского края.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В качестве материала была использована периферическая кровь 93 пациентов с ПОУГ и 96 пациентов с катарактой. Сначала выделяли ДНК, затем проводили полимеразную цепную реакцию в режиме реального времени. Частоту встречаемости аллелей и генотипов в исследуемых группах рассчитывали при помощи критерия χ2 и точного критерия Фишера. Статистически значимыми были приняты результаты с p &lt; 0,05. Для количественной оценки связи между возникновением ПОУГ у пациентов и носительством неблагоприятного полиморфного маркера были рассчитаны отношение шансов и 95% доверительный интервал.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Среди маркеров С774Т и Glu298Asp не выявлено достоверных различий в распределении генотипов и аллелей гена eNOS. Установлены повышение частоты встречаемости гомозиготного генотипа ТТ; снижение встречаемости аллеля С по полиморфному локусу T786C гена eNOS у пациентов с ПОУГ.</p> <p><bold>Выводы</bold>. Полиморфные маркеры гена eNOS могут рассматриваться как факторы, влияющие на вероятность возникновения ПОУГ. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>immune privilege</kwd><kwd>polymorphic markers</kwd><kwd>endothelial NO synthase</kwd><kwd>primary open-angle glaucoma</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>иммунная привилегированность</kwd><kwd>полиморфные маркеры</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная NO-синтаза</kwd><kwd>первичная открытоугольная глаукома</kwd><kwd>бактериальные кератиты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Соломатина М.В., Лихванцева В.Г., Колесникова А.В. Иммунологические аспекты глаукомы. Практическая медицина. 2017; (3): 16–21.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2. Hiroshi K.S., Shintaro H.S., Sunao S.S. Immune privilege and eye-derived T-regulatory cells. J. 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